Propofol

Propofol injectable emulsion is an intravenous general anesthetic and sedation drug indicated for: • Induction of General Anesthesia for Patients Greater than or Equal to 3 Years of Age • Maintenance of General Anesthesia for Patients Greater than or Equal to 2 Months of Age • Initiation and Maintenance of Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) Sedation in Adult Patients • Sedation for Adult Patients in Combination with Regional Anesthesia • Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Sedation of Intubated, Mechanically Ventilated Adult Patients Limitations of Use Propofol injectable emulsion is not recommended for induction of anesthesia below the age of 3 years or for maintenance of anesthesia below the age of 2 m …

• See Full Prescribing Information for detailed dosing instructions
• Important Dosage and Administration Information Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit
• Shake well before use
• Do not use if there is evidence of excessive creaming or aggregation, if large droplets are visible, or if there are other forms of phase separation indicating that the stability of the product has been compromised
• Slight creaming, which should disappear after shaking, may be visible upon prolonged standing
• Do not use if there is evidence of separation of the phases of the emulsion
• Propofol injectable emulsion with benzyl alcohol inhibits microbial growth for up to 12 hours, as demonstrated by test data for representative USP microorganisms
• Product is packaged under nitrogen
• For general anesthesia or monitored anesthesia care (MAC) sedation, propofol injectable emulsion should be administered only by persons trained in the administration of general anesthesia and not involved in the conduct of the surgical/diagnostic procedure
• Sedated patients should be continuously monitored, and equipment for maintaining a patent airway, providing artificial ventilation, administering supplemental oxygen, and instituting cardiovascular resuscitation must be immediately available
• Patients should be continuously monitored for early signs of hypotension, apnea, airway obstruction, and/or oxygen desaturation. …

Propofol Injectable Emulsion, USP is available in single-dose vials as follows: 200 mg of propofol per 20 mL of an oil-in-water emulsion (10 mg per mL), 20 mL vial 500 mg of propofol per 50 mL of an oil-in-water emulsion (10 mg per mL), 50 mL vial 1,000 mg of propofol per 100 mL of an oil-in-water emulsion (10 mg per mL), 100 mL vial Injectable emulsion: 200 mg per 20 mL (10 mg/mL), 500 mg per 50 …

• The safety and effectiveness of propofol injectable emulsion have been established for induction of anesthesia
• In pediatric patients aged 3 years and older and for the maintenance of anesthesia aged 2 months and older. In pediatric patients, administration of fentanyl concomitantly with propofol injectable emulsion may result in serious bradycardia [see Warnings and Precautions ] . …

The effect of age on induction dose requirements for propofol was assessed in an open-label study involving 211 unpremedicated patients with approximately 30 patients in each decade between the ages of 16 and 80. The average dose to induce anesthesia was calculated for patients up to 54 years of age and for patients 55 years of age or older. …

• Impaired Mental Alertness Advise patients that performance of activities requiring mental alertness, such as operating a motor vehicle or hazardous machinery or signing legal documents may be impaired for some time after general anesthesia or sedation
• Effect of Anesthetic and Sedation Drugs on Early Brain Development Studies conducted in young animals and children suggest repeated or prolonged use of general anesthetic or sedation drugs in children younger than 3 years may have negative effects on their developing brains
• Discuss with parents and caregivers the benefits, risks, and timing and duration of surgery or procedures requiring anesthetic and sedation drugs. …

• Propofol injectable emulsion is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to propofol or any of propofol injectable emulsion components
• Propofol injectable emulsion is contraindicated in patients with a history of anaphylaxis to eggs, egg products, soybeans or soy products
• Known hypersensitivity to propofol, egg or soybean

Opioids and Sedatives The induction dose requirements of propofol injectable emulsion may be reduced in patients with intramuscular or intravenous premedication, particularly with opioids (e.g., morphine, meperidine, and fentanyl, etc.) and combinations of opioids and sedatives (e.g., benzodiazepines, barbiturates, chloral hydrate, droperidol, etc.). These agents may increase the anesthetic or sedative effects of propofol injectable emulsion and may also result in more pronounced decreases in systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures and cardiac output. In pediatric patients, administration of fentanyl concomitantly with propofol injectable emulsion may result in serious bradycardia. …

Hypersensitivity Reactions : Serious and sometimes fatal reactions ( 5.1 ) Microbial Contamination : Strict aseptic technique must be maintained during handling. Propofol injectable emulsion vials are never to be accessed more than once or used on more than one person. Administration should commence promptly and be completed within 12 hours after the vial has been opened. Discard unused drug product. Do not use if contamination is suspected ( 5.2 ) Cardiovascular Depression : Cases of bradycardia, asystole, and cardiac arrest have been reported. …

The following serious or otherwise important adverse reactions are discussed elsewhere in the labeling: • Hypersensitivity reaction [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] • Hypotension and/or bradycardia [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4) ] • Propofol Infusion Syndrome [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9) ] In the description below, rates of the more common events represent US/Canadian clinical study results. Less frequent events are also derived from publications and marketing experience in over 8 million patients; there are insufficient data to support an accurate estimate of their incidence rates. …

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Data from randomized controlled trials, cohort studies and case series over several decades with propofol use in pregnant women have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. Most of the reported exposures to propofol describe propofol exposure at the time of cesarean delivery. …

10.1 Symptoms Overdosage is likely to cause cardiorespiratory depression. 10.2 Treatment If overdosage occurs, propofol injectable emulsion administration should be discontinued immediately. Respiratory depression should be treated by artificial ventilation with oxygen. Cardiovascular depression may require repositioning of the patient by raising the patient's legs, increasing the flow rate of intravenous fluids, and administering pressor agents and/or anticholinergic agents.

9.2 Abuse There are reports of the abuse of propofol for recreational and other improper purposes, which have resulted in fatalities and other injuries. Instances of self-administration of propofol injectable emulsion by health care professionals have also been reported, which have resulted in fatalities and other injuries. …

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature]. Do not freeze. Shake well before use.

تناولها عندما تتذكر، إلا إذا اقترب موعد الجرعة التالية. عندها تخطَّ الجرعة المنسية. لا تتناول جرعتين معًا أبدًا للتعويض. راجع النشرة، فبعض الأدوية مختلفة.